/* ===== CSS Variables & Reset ===== */
:root {
  --primary: #1a5632;
  --primary-dark: #0e3a20;
  --primary-light: #2d7a4a;
  --accent: #4a9e6e;
  --accent-light: #e8f5ec;
  --text: #1e293b;
  --text-light: #64748b;
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --bg-alt: #f8faf9;
  --bg-dark: #091a0f;
  --border: #e2e8f0;
  --shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06), 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
  --shadow-md: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07), 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
  --shadow-lg: 0 12px 28px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  --shadow-xl: 0 20px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  --radius: 8px;
  --radius-lg: 14px;
  --radius-xl: 20px;
  --transition: 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --max-width: 1200px;
  --font-sans: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', sans-serif;
  --font-serif: 'Merriweather', Georgia, serif;
}

*, *::before, *::after {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  font-size: 17px;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  color: var(--text);
  background: var(--bg);
  line-height: 1.75;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

a {
  color: var(--primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--transition);
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

ul { list-style: none; }

.container {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
}

/* ===== Header & Navigation ===== */
.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(180%);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(180%);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.6);
  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.site-header.scrolled {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.95);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

.header-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 0.75rem 2rem;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.logo {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--primary);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.logo:hover {
  transform: scale(1.02);
  color: var(--primary);
}

.logo-icon {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-dark), var(--primary-light));
  border-radius: 12px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: white;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -0.5px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(26, 86, 50, 0.35);
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.logo-icon::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 40%, rgba(255,255,255,0.15) 50%, transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.logo:hover .logo-icon {
  box-shadow: 0 6px 22px rgba(26, 86, 50, 0.45);
  transform: scale(1.05);
}

.logo span {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  line-height: 1.15;
}

.logo .lab-name {
  font-size: 1.85rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-dark) 0%, var(--primary) 50%, var(--primary-light) 100%);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
}

.logo .dept-name {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.main-nav ul {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.1rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.main-nav a {
  padding: 0.5rem 0.7rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: all var(--transition);
  position: relative;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.main-nav a::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 2px;
  left: 50%;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary), var(--accent));
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  border-radius: 1px;
}

.main-nav a:hover::after,
.main-nav a.active::after {
  width: 60%;
}

.main-nav a:hover,
.main-nav a.active {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--text);
  padding: 0.5rem;
}

/* ===== Language Toggle ===== */
.lang-toggle {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0;
  margin-left: 1rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  overflow: hidden;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.lang-btn {
  background: none;
  border: none;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--text-light);
  transition: all 0.2s;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.lang-btn.active {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: #fff;
}

.lang-btn:hover:not(.active) {
  background: var(--accent-light);
  color: var(--primary);
}

.nav-close {
  display: none;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--text);
  padding: 0.5rem;
}

/* ===== Hero Section ===== */
.hero {
  background: linear-gradient(165deg, #071e12 0%, #0e3420 30%, #153d28 60%, #1a5632 100%);
  color: white;
  padding: 2.5rem 0 2rem;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

/* Animated mesh gradient overlay */
.hero-mesh {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background:
    radial-gradient(at 20% 30%, rgba(74, 158, 110, 0.25) 0px, transparent 50%),
    radial-gradient(at 80% 20%, rgba(45, 122, 74, 0.2) 0px, transparent 50%),
    radial-gradient(at 60% 80%, rgba(142, 237, 179, 0.12) 0px, transparent 50%),
    radial-gradient(at 10% 70%, rgba(26, 86, 50, 0.2) 0px, transparent 50%);
  animation: meshFloat 20s ease-in-out infinite;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 0;
}

@keyframes meshFloat {
  0%, 100% { transform: scale(1) translateY(0); opacity: 1; }
  33% { transform: scale(1.05) translateY(-10px); opacity: 0.9; }
  66% { transform: scale(0.98) translateY(5px); opacity: 1; }
}

/* Particle canvas */
.hero-particles {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 0.8fr;
  gap: 2rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.hero-text h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 3.2vw, 2.8rem);
  line-height: 1.18;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-text h1 .highlight {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #8eedb3, #5bd98f);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.hero-text .subtitle {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  opacity: 0.85;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  max-width: 540px;
}

.hero-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.hero-tags span {
  background: rgba(142, 237, 179, 0.1);
  border: 1px solid rgba(142, 237, 179, 0.2);
  padding: 0.35rem 0.9rem;
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.2px;
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
  transition: all 0.3s;
}

.hero-tags span:hover {
  background: rgba(142, 237, 179, 0.2);
  border-color: rgba(142, 237, 179, 0.4);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.hero-stats {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  gap: 0.85rem;
}

.stat-card {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.25rem 1rem;
  text-align: center;
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  color: white;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.stat-card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(142, 237, 179, 0.3), rgba(74, 158, 110, 0.1), rgba(142, 237, 179, 0.3));
  -webkit-mask: linear-gradient(#fff 0 0) content-box, linear-gradient(#fff 0 0);
  -webkit-mask-composite: xor;
  mask-composite: exclude;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 0.4s ease;
}

.stat-card:hover::before {
  opacity: 1;
}

.stat-card:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

.stat-card .number {
  font-size: 1.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  display: block;
  line-height: 1;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff, #8eedb3);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
}

.stat-card .label {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  opacity: 0.75;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.stat-card-expandable {
  position: relative;
}

.expand-hint {
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  transition: transform var(--transition);
  display: inline-block;
}

.stat-card-expandable.open .expand-hint {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.stat-dropdown {
  display: none !important;
  max-height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-top: 0;
  padding-top: 0;
  border-top: none;
  text-align: left;
}

.stat-card-expandable.open .stat-dropdown {
  display: block !important;
  max-height: 500px;
  overflow: visible;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  padding-top: 0.75rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
}

.stat-dropdown ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}

.stat-dropdown li {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  opacity: 0.9;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.hero-buttons {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

/* ===== Research Bullets ===== */
.research-bullets {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
}
.research-bullets li {
  position: relative;
  padding: 1rem 1rem 1rem 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

/* ===== Buttons ===== */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  padding: 0.85rem 1.75rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  cursor: pointer;
  border: none;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.btn-primary {
  background: white;
  color: var(--primary);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
  background: var(--accent-light);
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.btn-outline {
  background: transparent;
  color: white;
  border: 2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
}

.btn-outline:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  border-color: white;
  color: white;
}

.btn-green {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: white;
}

.btn-green:hover {
  background: var(--primary-dark);
  color: white;
}

/* ===== Section Styles ===== */
.section {
  padding: 2.5rem 0;
}

.section-alt {
  background: var(--bg-alt);
}

.section-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.section-header h2 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.section-header p {
  color: var(--text-light);
  max-width: 650px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.section-header .divider {
  width: 50px;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary), var(--accent), var(--primary-light));
  margin: 0.75rem auto 0;
  border-radius: 2px;
  position: relative;
}

.section-header .divider::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: inherit;
  border-radius: inherit;
  filter: blur(6px);
  opacity: 0.4;
}

/* ===== Challenge & Approach Section ===== */
.challenge-approach-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 2rem;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.challenge-card,
.approach-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  padding: 2rem;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: all 0.4s ease;
}

.challenge-card:hover,
.approach-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.challenge-card {
  border-top: 4px solid #e74c3c;
}

.approach-card {
  border-top: 4px solid var(--accent);
}

.challenge-card-label,
.approach-card-label {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.85rem;
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.8px;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.challenge-card-label {
  background: #fdecea;
  color: #c0392b;
}

.approach-card-label {
  background: var(--accent-light);
  color: var(--primary);
}

.challenge-card h3,
.approach-card h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.45rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}

.challenge-card p,
.approach-card p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.75;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.challenge-metrics {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.85rem;
}

.challenge-metric {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.85rem;
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  background: #fef9f8;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  border-left: 3px solid #e74c3c;
}

.challenge-metric-number {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: #c0392b;
  min-width: 60px;
  text-align: center;
}

.challenge-metric-icon {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #c0392b;
  min-width: 60px;
  text-align: center;
}

.challenge-metric-label {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.approach-pillars {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.approach-pillar {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  padding: 0.65rem 0.85rem;
  background: var(--accent-light);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  text-align: center;
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 80px;
}

.approach-pillar-icon {
  font-size: 1.4rem;
}

.approach-pillar span:last-child {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.approach-pillar-arrow {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.approach-goal {
  font-size: 0.95rem !important;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--primary) !important;
  background: var(--accent-light);
  padding: 0.85rem 1.15rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
  line-height: 1.6 !important;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .challenge-approach-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .approach-pillars {
    gap: 0.25rem;
  }

  .approach-pillar {
    min-width: 60px;
    padding: 0.5rem 0.5rem;
  }

  .approach-pillar span:last-child {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
  }

  .approach-pillar-arrow {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }
}

/* ===== Research Pipeline Section ===== */
.pipeline-section {
  background: linear-gradient(165deg, #071a10 0%, #0e2919 40%, #153822 100%);
  color: white;
  padding: 3rem 0;
}

.pipeline-section .section-header h2 {
  color: white;
}

.pipeline-section .section-header p {
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);
}

.pipeline-section .section-header .divider {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #c9a84c, #d4af37, #c9a84c);
}

.pipeline-section .section-header .divider::after {
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, #c9a84c, #d4af37, #c9a84c);
}

.pipeline {
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: 0;
  position: relative;
}

.pipeline-step {
  flex: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 1.25rem 0.75rem;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  transition: all 0.4s ease;
  position: relative;
}

.pipeline-step:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.pipeline-step-final {
  background: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.1);
  border-color: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.25);
}

.pipeline-step-icon {
  font-size: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.12);
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 2px solid rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.25);
}

.pipeline-step h4 {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  color: #e8d48b;
}

.pipeline-step p {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
}

.pipeline-connector {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 28px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  position: relative;
}

.pipeline-connector::before {
  content: '';
  width: 100%;
  height: 2px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.3), rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.7), rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.3));
}

.pipeline-connector::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  border-top: 5px solid transparent;
  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;
  border-left: 7px solid rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.7);
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .pipeline {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
  }

  .pipeline-step {
    flex-direction: row;
    text-align: left;
    gap: 1rem;
    padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  }

  .pipeline-step-icon {
    margin-bottom: 0;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }

  .pipeline-connector {
    width: auto;
    height: 24px;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .pipeline-connector::before {
    width: 2px;
    height: 100%;
  }

  .pipeline-connector::after {
    right: auto;
    bottom: 0;
    top: auto;
    border-left: 5px solid transparent;
    border-right: 5px solid transparent;
    border-top: 7px solid rgba(201, 168, 76, 0.7);
    border-bottom: none;
  }
}

/* ===== Enhanced Impact Section ===== */
.impact-section {
  padding: 3rem 0;
  background: var(--bg-alt);
}

.impact-metrics-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.impact-metric-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.75rem 1rem;
  text-align: center;
  transition: all 0.4s ease;
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.impact-metric-card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--primary), var(--accent));
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.impact-metric-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  transform: translateY(-4px);
}

.impact-metric-card:hover::before {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.impact-metric-icon {
  font-size: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.impact-metric-number {
  display: block;
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--primary-dark), var(--accent));
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
  line-height: 1.1;
  margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}

.impact-metric-label {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.impact-statement {
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 1.5rem 2rem;
  background: var(--bg);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent);
  border-right: 4px solid var(--accent);
}

.impact-statement p {
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  color: var(--text);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .impact-metrics-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .impact-metric-number {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .impact-metrics-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }

  .impact-metric-card {
    padding: 1.25rem 0.75rem;
  }
}

/* ===== Scroll Reveal Animation ===== */
.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(24px);
  transition: opacity 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1), transform 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.reveal.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.reveal-delay-1 { transition-delay: 0.1s; }
.reveal-delay-2 { transition-delay: 0.2s; }
.reveal-delay-3 { transition-delay: 0.3s; }
.reveal-delay-4 { transition-delay: 0.4s; }

/* Hero entrance animation */
.hero-text {
  animation: heroFadeUp 1s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) forwards;
}

.hero-stats {
  animation: heroFadeUp 1s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1) 0.25s forwards;
  opacity: 0;
}

@keyframes heroFadeUp {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(30px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

/* Reduced motion preference */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .hero-text, .hero-stats { animation: none; opacity: 1; }
  .hero-mesh { animation: none; }
  .reveal { transition: none; opacity: 1; transform: none; }
  .hero-tags span { transition: none; }
  .stat-card { transition: none; }
}

/* ===== Research Areas (Homepage) ===== */
.research-overview-img {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  width: 100%;
}

.research-overview-img img {
  max-width: 80%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  display: block;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(6, 1fr);
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.research-grid > .research-card {
  grid-column: span 2;
}

.research-grid > .research-card-featured {
  grid-column: span 3;
}

.research-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 2rem;
  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-card::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent), var(--primary-light), var(--accent));
  background-size: 200% 100%;
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transition: transform 0.4s ease;
}

.research-card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 20px 40px rgba(26, 86, 50, 0.12), 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  border-color: rgba(74, 158, 110, 0.3);
}

.research-card:hover::before {
  transform: scaleX(1);
  animation: gradientSlide 2s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes gradientSlide {
  0% { background-position: 0% 0%; }
  100% { background-position: 200% 0%; }
}

a.research-card {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: inherit;
  display: block;
}

.research-card .card-arrow {
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(-5px);
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.research-card:hover .card-arrow {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateX(0);
}

.research-card .icon {
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  background: var(--accent-light);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.research-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.research-card p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

/* ===== Featured Research Cards (Homepage) ===== */
.research-card.research-card-featured {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 2rem;
}

.research-card-featured-media {
  margin-top: 1.25rem;
}

.research-card-featured-text .icon {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.research-card-featured-text h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.research-card-featured-text p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.card-arrow-link {
  display: inline-block;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.card-arrow-link:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
  transform: translateX(3px);
}

.research-card-featured-media video {
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.research-card-featured-media .media-caption {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.virtual-plant-section-mini {
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 1.25rem;
}

.virtual-plant-section-mini .dt-controls {
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.virtual-plant-section-mini .virtual-plant-canvas-wrap {
  height: 280px;
}

.virtual-plant-section-mini .dt-legend {
  margin-top: 0.5rem;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .research-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
  .research-grid > .research-card,
  .research-grid > .research-card-featured {
    grid-column: span 1;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .research-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {

  .virtual-plant-section-mini .virtual-plant-canvas-wrap {
    height: 220px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .virtual-plant-section-mini .virtual-plant-canvas-wrap {
    height: 180px;
  }
}

/* ===== Team Section ===== */
.team-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.team-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.team-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.team-card .avatar {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-light), #d4edda);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 3rem;
  color: var(--primary);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.team-card .avatar img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
}

.team-card .avatar .initials {
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  color: var(--primary);
  opacity: 0.6;
}

.team-card .info {
  padding: 1.25rem;
}

.team-card .info h3 {
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.team-card .info .role {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.team-card .info .bio {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.team-card .info .links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

.team-card .info .links a {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  transition: color var(--transition);
}

.team-card .info .links a:hover {
  color: var(--primary);
}

.team-section-label {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 1.5px;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  margin-top: 2.5rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border);
}

.team-section-label:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

/* ===== Publications ===== */
.pub-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.pub-item {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.pub-item:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.pub-item .pub-year {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.pub-item h3 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.pub-item .authors {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}

.pub-item .journal {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

.pub-item .pub-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

.pub-item .pub-links a {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: var(--accent-light);
  color: var(--primary);
}

.pub-item .pub-links a:hover {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: white;
}

.pub-filters {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  justify-content: center;
}

.pub-filters button {
  padding: 0.5rem 1.15rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  background: var(--bg);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  color: var(--text);
}

.pub-filters button:hover,
.pub-filters button.active {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: white;
  border-color: var(--primary);
}

/* ===== News ===== */
.news-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(340px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.news-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.news-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.news-card .news-img {
  height: 120px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--accent-light), #d4edda);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--primary);
  font-size: 2.5rem;
}

.news-card .news-body {
  padding: 1.5rem;
}

.news-card .news-date {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.news-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.news-card p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.news-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
  border-radius: 5px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-right: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.news-tag.award { background: #fff3cd; color: #856404; }
.news-tag.publication { background: #fef3cd; color: #7d6608; }
.news-tag.event { background: #d4edda; color: #155724; }
.news-tag.grant { background: #e2d5f1; color: #4a1d8e; }
.news-tag.welcome { background: #fce4ec; color: #880e4f; }

/* ===== Research Visuals ===== */
.research-visuals {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.visual-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.visual-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.visual-card img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 220px;
  object-fit: contain;
  background: #f8f9fa;
  padding: 0.5rem;
}

.visual-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem 0.25rem;
}

.visual-card p {
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.7;
  padding: 0 1.25rem 1.25rem;
}

.research-photos {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.photo-card {
  position: relative;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.photo-card img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 250px;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

.photo-caption {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  background: linear-gradient(transparent, rgba(0,0,0,0.7));
  color: white;
  padding: 2rem 1rem 0.75rem;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

/* ===== Projects ===== */
.projects-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(350px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.project-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 2rem;
  transition: all var(--transition);
  position: relative;
}

.project-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.project-card .project-status {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
  border-radius: 5px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.project-card .project-status.active {
  background: #d4edda;
  color: #155724;
}

.project-card .project-status.completed {
  background: #e2e3e5;
  color: #495057;
}

.project-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.project-card p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.project-card p.collapsed {
  display: -webkit-box;
  -webkit-line-clamp: 3;
  -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.project-card .read-more-btn {
  background: none;
  border: none;
  color: var(--primary);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  transition: color var(--transition);
}

.project-card .read-more-btn:hover {
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.project-card .project-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1rem;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

.project-card .project-meta span {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.3rem;
}

.project-photos {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.project-photos img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 180px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.project-photos .photo-label {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .project-photos {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* ===== Contact ===== */
.contact-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
}

.contact-info-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.contact-info-card .contact-icon {
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  background: var(--accent-light);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.contact-info-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.contact-info-card p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.contact-form {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 2rem;
}

.form-group {
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.form-group label {
  display: block;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--text);
}

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea,
.form-group select {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text);
  transition: border-color var(--transition);
  background: var(--bg);
}

.form-group input:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus,
.form-group select:focus {
  outline: none;
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(74, 158, 110, 0.1);
}

.form-group textarea {
  height: 140px;
  resize: vertical;
}

/* ===== Jobs ===== */
.job-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: 2rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.job-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.job-card .job-type {
  display: inline-block;
  padding: 0.3rem 0.8rem;
  border-radius: 5px;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.job-card .job-type.phd { background: #fef3cd; color: #7d6608; }
.job-card .job-type.postdoc { background: #d4edda; color: #155724; }
.job-card .job-type.master { background: #fff3cd; color: #856404; }
.job-card .job-type.researcher { background: #e2d5f1; color: #4a1d8e; }

.job-card h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.job-card p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.job-card .job-details {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* ===== Alumni & Collaborators ===== */
.alumni-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.alumni-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 1.25rem;
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
  align-items: center;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.alumni-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}

.alumni-card .alumni-avatar {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent-light);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--primary);
  font-size: 1rem;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.alumni-card h4 {
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.alumni-card .alumni-role {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

.alumni-card .alumni-now {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-top: 0.15rem;
}

.alumni-card .alumni-link {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: var(--primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  margin-top: 0.25rem;
  display: inline-block;
}

.alumni-card .alumni-link:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  color: var(--primary-light);
}

.alumni-sub-label {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0.75rem;
  padding-left: 0.25rem;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  padding-left: 0.75rem;
}

.collab-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.collab-card {
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 1.5rem;
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.collab-card:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  border-color: var(--accent);
}

.collab-card h4 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.collab-card .collab-inst {
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.collab-card p {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

/* ===== Page Banner ===== */
.page-banner {
  background: linear-gradient(160deg, rgba(14, 58, 32, 0.92), rgba(45, 122, 74, 0.85)),
              url('../images/web/field-trials.jpg') center/cover no-repeat;
  color: white;
  padding: 2.5rem 0 2rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.page-banner h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 2.4rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.page-banner p {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  opacity: 0.9;
  max-width: 700px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  line-height: 1.7;
}

/* ===== Footer ===== */
.site-footer {
  background: var(--bg-dark);
  color: #cbd5e1;
  padding: 2.5rem 0 1.5rem;
}

.footer-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.footer-col h4 {
  color: white;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.footer-col p,
.footer-col a {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: #aaa;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.footer-col a:hover {
  color: white;
}

.footer-col .footer-links a {
  display: block;
}

.footer-bottom {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: #888;
}

.footer-bottom .social-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.footer-bottom .social-links a {
  color: #888;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.footer-bottom .social-links a:hover {
  color: white;
}

/* ===== Map placeholder ===== */
.map-container {
  width: 100%;
  height: 300px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.map-container iframe {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  border: 0;
}

/* ===== Lightbox ===== */
.lightbox {
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);
  z-index: 10000;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  cursor: zoom-out;
}

.lightbox.active {
  display: flex;
}

.lightbox img {
  max-width: 90vw;
  max-height: 90vh;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 40px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.lightbox-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: 1rem;
  right: 1.5rem;
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  color: #fff;
  cursor: pointer;
  line-height: 1;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
  transition: opacity 0.2s;
}

.lightbox-close:hover {
  opacity: 0.7;
}

/* ===== LinkedIn Feed ===== */
.linkedin-feed {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(320px, 1fr));
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.linkedin-embed {
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.linkedin-embed iframe {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  min-height: 500px;
  border: none;
}

.linkedin-category-label {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--primary);
  margin: 2rem 0 1rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent);
  display: inline-block;
}

.linkedin-category-label:first-of-type {
  margin-top: 0;
}

/* ===== Responsive ===== */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .hero-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .hero {
    padding: 2.5rem 0 2rem;
  }

  .hero-text h1 {
    font-size: 1.9rem;
  }

  .hero-text .subtitle {
    max-width: 100%;
  }

  .hero-tags {
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .hero-buttons {
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .hero-stats {
    max-width: 400px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .impact-inner {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .impact-accent {
    width: 60px;
    min-height: 4px;
    height: 4px;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }

  .contact-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .footer-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .nav-toggle {
    display: block;
  }

  .main-nav {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    right: -100%;
    width: 280px;
    height: 100vh;
    background: var(--bg);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-lg);
    padding: 4rem 1.5rem 2rem;
    transition: right var(--transition);
    z-index: 1001;
    overflow-y: auto;
  }

  .main-nav.open {
    right: 0;
  }

  .main-nav ul {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.25rem;
  }

  .main-nav a {
    display: block;
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .nav-close {
    display: block;
    position: absolute;
    top: 1rem;
    right: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }

  .nav-overlay {
    display: none;
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    z-index: 1000;
  }

  .nav-overlay.active {
    display: block;
  }

  .hero {
    padding: 2.5rem 0;
  }

  .hero-text h1 {
    font-size: 1.8rem;
  }

  .hero-text .subtitle {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
  }

  .hero-tags span {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.75rem;
  }

  .btn {
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .section {
    padding: 3rem 0;
  }

  .section-header h2 {
    font-size: 1.9rem;
  }

  .section-header p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
  }

  .page-banner h1 {
    font-size: 2rem;
  }

  .page-banner p {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
  }

  .team-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .projects-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .news-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .footer-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .footer-bottom {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 1rem;
    text-align: center;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .container {
    padding: 0 1rem;
  }

  .header-inner {
    padding: 0.8rem 1rem;
  }

  .hero {
    padding: 2rem 0;
  }

  .hero-text h1 {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
  }

  .hero-text .subtitle {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
  }

  .hero-tags {
    gap: 0.4rem;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  }

  .hero-tags span {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.65rem;
  }

  .hero-buttons {
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }

  .btn {
    padding: 0.7rem 1.25rem;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
  }

  .hero-stats {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }

  .stat-card .number {
    font-size: 1.6rem;
  }

  .stat-card .label {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
  }

  .section-header h2 {
    font-size: 1.7rem;
  }

  .section-header p {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .page-banner h1 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
  }

  .page-banner p {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .team-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

/* ===== Research Detail Pages ===== */
.research-detail-img {
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.research-detail-img img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

.research-detail-content {
  max-width: 800px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-detail-content p {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.85;
  color: var(--text);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.research-detail-content .back-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-top: 1rem;
  padding: 0.6rem 1.2rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--accent-light);
  color: var(--primary);
  transition: all var(--transition);
}

.research-detail-content .back-link:hover {
  background: var(--primary);
  color: white;
}

/* ===== Virtual Plant Interactive Module ===== */
.virtual-plant-section {
  margin: 2.5rem 0;
  padding: 2rem;
  background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.virtual-plant-header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 1.25rem;
}

.virtual-plant-header h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--primary-dark);
  margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}

.virtual-plant-header p {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
  max-width: 550px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.virtual-plant-canvas-wrap {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: 380px;
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  cursor: crosshair;
  border: 1px solid rgba(74, 158, 110, 0.2);
}

.virtual-plant-canvas-wrap canvas {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

.virtual-plant-badge {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  margin-top: 1rem;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.9rem;
  background: var(--accent-light);
  border-radius: 20px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--primary);
  letter-spacing: 0.2px;
}

.virtual-plant-badge::before {
  content: '';
  display: inline-block;
  width: 8px;
  height: 8px;
  background: var(--accent);
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: vpPulse 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes vpPulse {
  0%, 100% { opacity: 1; transform: scale(1); }
  50% { opacity: 0.5; transform: scale(0.8); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .virtual-plant-badge::before {
    animation: none;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .virtual-plant-section {
    padding: 1.25rem;
    margin: 2rem 0;
  }

  .virtual-plant-canvas-wrap {
    height: 280px;
  }

  .virtual-plant-header h3 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .virtual-plant-canvas-wrap {
    height: 220px;
  }
}

/* ===== Digital Twin Controls ===== */
.dt-controls {
  max-width: 440px;
  margin: 0 auto 1.25rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
}

.dt-slider-label {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.dt-slider-title {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text);
}

.dt-slider-value {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #8b5e3c;
  background: rgba(139, 94, 60, 0.1);
  padding: 0.15rem 0.6rem;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.dt-slider {
  -webkit-appearance: none;
  appearance: none;
  width: 100%;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(to right, var(--primary-light), #c4956a);
  outline: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.dt-slider::-webkit-slider-thumb {
  -webkit-appearance: none;
  appearance: none;
  width: 22px;
  height: 22px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: white;
  border: 3px solid var(--primary);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: transform 0.15s ease, border-color 0.15s ease;
}

.dt-slider::-webkit-slider-thumb:hover {
  transform: scale(1.15);
  border-color: var(--primary-dark);
}

.dt-slider::-moz-range-thumb {
  width: 22px;
  height: 22px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: white;
  border: 3px solid var(--primary);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
  cursor: pointer;
}

.dt-slider-range {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  margin-top: 0.35rem;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

.dt-legend {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.dt-legend-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--text-light);
}

.dt-legend-dot {
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.dt-legend-dot--healthy {
  background: var(--primary);
}

.dt-legend-dot--reduced {
  background: #c4956a;
}

.dt-legend-dot--nitrogen {
  background: rgba(80, 160, 240, 0.7);
  box-shadow: 0 0 3px rgba(80, 160, 240, 0.4);
}

.dt-legend-dot--roots {
  background: rgb(140, 105, 65);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .dt-controls {
    padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  }
}